Content of the Volume 24.
Waijandt, J.: Influence of the waste-water of Szolnok on the water quality of the Tisza river.
Farkas, A.: Changes in the fish population of the intermittently closed Tisza-dead-arm.
Harka, A.: Growth of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in the Kisköre storage lake.
Mező-Kricsfalusi, G. N., Kricsfalusi, V. V. and Komendar, V. I. (1989): Studies on the population biology of Ornithogalum umbellatum L. (Liliaceae) for elaboration strategy of the species survive in Transcarpathia. – Tiscia 24, 3-10.
Abstract. On the basis of the complex study of demography of Ornithogalum umbedlatum L. (Liliaceae) in Transcarpathia (determination of age and space structure, density, phytomass, viability and vitality of the populations) degree of stability of the species against the anthropogenic press and prospects of its survival have been revealed. The studied has been carried out by 28 morphometric features, the results have been processed by the method of the principal components (program from package BMDP). By means of correlation and factor analyses peculiarities of reaction of individuals and populations of O. umbellatum to the stress influences have been established. Measures for preserving of the genofond of the species in the investigated area are suggested.
(full text)
Estók, B. and Milinki, E. (1989): Changes in the quality of water in Laskó stream and the storage lake built on it at Egerszalók. – Tiscia 24, 11-22.
Abstract. The investigations of
Laskó stream were carried out in the period of 1984-1987 at
Egerszalók and Újlőrincfalva; at the same time a detailed
hydrobiological assessment was performed of Egerszalók storage
lake set up by damming of Laskó stream.
The effect of the storage lake on the quality of water in Laskó
stream has been studied. The water of Egerszalók storage lake is
of eutrophic type. The compositional and seasonal changes of the
phyto- and zooplankton were followed in consequence of its
turning into dead-water. The dominant plankton species belonged
to the group of organisms characteristic for dead-waters of high
trofity. The richness of species in the storage lake till summer
shows an increasing, later - a decreasing tendency. From the
beginning of summer till early autumn the dominance of bluegreen
algae was observed. The shallow water provides favourable
conditions for blooming of bluegreen algae.
Two characteristic diversity minimal exist - one in winter and
the other - in summer. Copepoda prevail in the zooplankton
composition the whole year round. In abundance they are followed
by Rotatoria and Cladocera. The effect of the storage lake can
be detected at Egerszalók, at Újlőrincfalva the unfavourable
factors are less perceptible, this is important since Laskó
stream is a feedwater of Kisköre storage lake.
(full text)
Waijandt, J. (1989): Influence of the waste-water of Szolnok on the water quality of the Tisza river. – Tiscia 24, 23-34.
Abstract. The reach of the river
Tisza between the mouth of the river Sajó and the town of
Szolnok can be characterized by an improvement of the water
quality.
In the middle reach of the Tisza a significant pollution load
occurs only at Szolnok.
In the vicinity of Szolnok the Tisza is being loaded
significantly by the pollution coming from 5 industrial and 4
residential areas, the waste-waters of which show considerable
quantitative and qualitative differences. Both the output of the
waste-water released and the load of certain polluting
components showed a slight increase in the period between 1977
and 1987. Nearly half of the organic matter is being released
into the Tisza by the Szolnok Sugar Works during the 100 days'
period of sugar processing. The major part of the detergent,
ammonium-ion, fat and oil load is of household origin.
The calculated effect of the pollution loah on the Tisza water
quality is worth consideration only in the period of sugar
processing (September-December). For this reason the
deterioration of the water quality has been studied in details
only for these periods. The deterioration of the water quality
was clearly visible in comparative studies of the water quality
in the reaches above and below Szolnok (Tiszaug) based on
measurements of organic matter, dissolved oxygen and
phosphateion concentrations (minimum, average maximum values,
distribution curves).
The actual deterioration of the water quality was less expressed
than could be expected from calculations due to the
self-purification of the river and did not justify its
reassignment to lower quality categories for none of the quality
parameters.
(full text)
Csépai, F. (1989): Comprehensive evaluation of the results of the Daphnia test carried out at the Tisza-section and major district waters in Szolnok county (1977-87). – Tiscia 24, 35-41.
Abstract. Between 1977-1987 acute toxicological studies were carried out with Daphnia magna at eight points of the Tisza-section in Szolnok county and at the major district waters of the region. It was determined that in the periods studied 19,4% of the Tisza water samples and 4,8% of the samples originating from the district waters were of toxic effect on the Daphnia. From 1975 on the positivity of the Tisza water samples taken frequently above the area of the Surface Water Works in Szolnok showed strongly decreasing tendency, falling back from 74 % to 1%. The observed phenomenon can be explained most probably by the beneficial effect of the Kisköre storage lake, since the drastic decrease of the high rate of objection observed previously coincided with the filling up of the lake between 1979-1983.
(full text)
Djukic, N. and Maletin, S. (1989): Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Claparede, 1862 as a dominant species in the Tisza dear-arm (Curug-Biserno Ostrvo) Oligochaeta community. – Tiscia 24, 43-47.
Abstract. In the 1983-1988 period 11 oligochaeta have been found in the Mrtva Tisa Oligochaeta community from Naididae and Tubificidae family. Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri has been a dominant species in all the samples. The relative abundance, expressed as the percentage of this species has shown an increasing tendency up to 67%. The increase in the percentage of this species is closely related to the increase in the Oligochaeta dynamics of abundance. This in turn, leads to changes in the Oligochaeta community structure.
(full text)
Ratajac, R. (1989): The composition and the dynamics in population of the dominant Crustacea speciees in Mrtva Tisza. – Tiscia 24, 49-57.
Abstract. In the period of
investigation from 1987 to 1988, a total of 19 Cladocera and 8
Copepoda from Crustacea species was found in Mrtva Tisa.
There was 13 and 18 Cladocera species in both years
respectively, i.e. 8 and 6 Copepoda species. The largest number
of species appeared in the summer (12 and 14 Cladocera and 6
Copepoda species).
Dominant species were: B. longirostris, Ch. sphaericus, D.
brachyurum, S. crystalina, C. vicinus and Th. crassus
with highest order of domination (Dt) and rather low frequency
of domination (DF), while higher frequency index (pF) and lower
order of domination was observed for the following species:
D. cucullata, E. gracilis, E. serrulatus.
Among physical and chemical parameters, t °C of water varied the
most. During the summer months it was 26 °C. A Decrease in the
amount of dissolved oxygen down to 6,8 mg x dm-3,
followed the increase of water temperature.
Quantitative composition varied also. Total values were greater
in 1987. The maximum values
for Cladocera and Copepoda (59 and 217 ind x dm-3)
were recorded during the summer period.For nauplius however the
maximum were in the spring (171). In 1988, maximum values for
all three groups were recorded in the summer (Cladocera 117,
Copepoda 187 and nauplius 127 ind x dm-3).
(full text)
Bába, K. (1989): Zoogeographical conditions of snails living on grass-associations of two Hungarian lowland regions. – Tiscia 24, 59-67.
Abstract. The Danube-Tisza
Midland and the lower Tisza region were compared as regards
their loess, sand and saline as well as secondary grass
associations. The results were evaluated on the basis of the
zoogeographic system of Bába (1982).
According to the climitic conditions of the grass-associations
their lowlands' character is indicated by the continental fauna
circles (Ponto-Pannonian, East-West-Siberian,
Caspian-Sarmatian). Due to the closure sward aid moistening the
ratio of certain fauna circles increases. The lower Tisza region
- having more diversified soil conditions - is richer in snails
prevealing the continenta fauna elements. The fauna circle
differentiating the Danube-Tisza Midland is the Quercion
frainetto.
(full text)
Farkas, A. (1989): Changes in the fish population of the intermittently closed Tisza-dead-arm. – Tiscia 24, 69-77.
Abstract. The author carries out
a comparative study of the fish population of the river Tisza
and the dead Tisza at Lakitelek, and follows its seasonal
changes since 1982. In addition to the investigations of the
effect of ecological factors on the fish stock, antropogen
effects have been studied as well.
Annual changes in the fish species of the dead-arm have been
followed. Fauna-list was compiled, indicating species occurrence
and disappearance from the dead-arm. Comparative measurements
have been carried out on fish progeny hatched in the Tisza and
the dead Tisza in Alpári-valley in the course of the years.
Comparative nutritional studies of different fish species in the
Tisza and the dead arm at Lakitelek have been carried out.
The influence of pollution in the Tisza and the dead arm on the
pisces fauna is discussed.
(full text)
Harka, A. (1989): Growth of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in the Kisköre storage lake. – Tiscia 24, 79-86.
Abstract. The present study deals
with growth of wild carp in the Kisköre storage lake set up in
1978 at the Tisza river, and compares the results with the data
obtained in Orava storage lake (Czechoslovakia), Danube
(Yugoslavia) and Körös Backwater reservoir.
The most significant differences were found in comparison with
carps from the Körös backwater reservoir. Initially the body
mass of carps from the Tisza storage lake is smaller but the
growth rate is higher, similar tendency is observed in the
longitudinal growth, too. Carps from the storage lake already at
the age of five years reach the length of 7 years-old specimens
from the Körös backwater reservoir, and except for the first
year, their condition is also better. Most probably the rich
nurtient supply of the storage lake is of decisive importance
for the faster growth and better condition. Positive and
negative deviations were observed as compared to the
Czechoslovak and Yugoslavian data as well but those were less
significant. Growth of carps in the Kisköre storage lake -
though essentially more favorable than that in the Körös
backwater reservoir - cannot be qualified as outstanding, just
as satisfactory for the circumstances.
(full text)
Maletin, S. and Kostic, D. (1989): Fish growth rate in the Tisza dead-arm (Curug-Biserno Ostrvo) depending on the type of nutrition. – Tiscia 24, 87-93.
Abstract. The growth of 8 fish species, belonging to different types of nutrition (planktophagous: Scardinius erythrophthalmus and Rutilus rutilus, planktobenthophagous (benthoplanktophagous): Abramis brama, Carassius carassius and Carassius auratus gibelio and fish of pray: Esox lucius, Perca fluviatilis and Stizostedion lucioperca) was studied, based on the material caught during 1987. It was shown that in this eutrophic lake tested fish species had different rate and constant of growth, which is undoubtedly closely related to the type of nutrition, although the importance of other factorsaffecting the growth of some fish species within their ecologic valence should not be ignored.
(full text)
Maletin, S., Dukic, N. and Kostic, D. (1989): The growth and fecundity of Lepomis gibbosus (Pisces: Centrarchidae) in the Tisza dead-arm (Curug-Biserno Ostrvo). – Tiscia 24, 95-101.
Abstract. L. gibbosus
growth and fecundity were analysed in the former Tisa river
meander, which was separated from the river bed in the middle of
the last century.
Introduced into Europe over 100 years ago, this allochtonous
species was quickly naturalized in this part of the expanded
area. Material for this study was collected during 1985. A total
of 273 specimen aging from 3+ to 7+, with average standard
lenght from 102 to 146 mm and body mass from 48 to 111 g was
studied.
The longitudinal growth of L. gibbosus in the Mrtva Tisa
had values similar to those of specimen in their native
locality. The mean value of the absolute fecundity ranged,
depending on age, from 4.474 to 11.668 eggs, and relative
fecundity from 111 to 127. There was a considerable correlation
between increasing absolute fecundity and an increase in age,
standard lenght and body mass, where as only a slight
correlation was found between a relative fecundity and basic
biological parameters.
(full text)
Malik, E. (1989): Inclusions in the liver cells of silver carp (Hypophthalichthys molitrix Val.) from the Kisköre storage-lake. – Tiscia 24, 103-106.
Abstract. Annual deaths of silver carps (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix VAL.) with a body mass of 6-8 kg occur in the spring in the Kisköre storage-lake. In the course of investigations of a weak silver carp specimen no parasites were found which would cause the death of the fish. Sections were pres pared from the interior organs of the fish. In the liver sections a considerabee number of inclusion was found in the hepatocytes. The stainability of one bigger or several smaller inclusions according to Masson, with Giemsa or hematoxilin-eosin differed from that of the cytoplasm. The inclusions having mainly spherical shapes were located in the cavities of the cytoplasm. In the liver tissue microscopic necrotic foci were observed as well. It is unlikely that the appearance of inclusions is caused by endogenous degeneration of the cells. According to Anderson et al. (1965) and Molnár et Boros (1981) viruses or mycoplasma, as well as clamidia- or rickettsia-like organisms can cause inclusion formation. Striking similarity was found with the observations reported by Langdon (1988), according to which hepatocyte inclusions have been found in rainbow trout infected by iridovirus.
(full text)
Gyovai, F. (1989): Demographic analysis of the moor frog (Rana arvalis wolterstorffi Fejérváry 1919) population in Fraxino pannonicae-Alnetum of the Tisza basin. – Tiscia 24, 107-121.
Abstract. Data of 3355 R.
arvalis specimens collected monthly during the whole season
in the period between 1984 and 1988 were analyzed. The
capture-recapture method was applied on the 2000 m2
sampling area in the alder forest at Tiszaalpár (Fraxino
pannonicae - Alnetum).
A gradual increase in density and biomass was observed in the
five-year period (505-9800 specimens/ha, 2-45 kg/ha). The home
ranges were small and considerable overlapping were observed.
Migration plays a significant role in the summer populating of
the Alnetum. The distribution of frogs is random,
slightly cumulative, the individuals stick to the ticker
vegetation structures surrounding the trees. The survival
changed from year to year, a high level of juvenile mortality
was observed. Not a single specimen reached the age of 4 years.
The growth of body mass is intensive, in two years the specimens
raech a body mass of 12-20 g, and become sexually mature. The
intraspecific competition exerts a considerable, while the
interspecific - only an insignificant effect on the moor frog
population.
Preserving the intact state of the Tiszaalpári basin is of a
primary importance from the nature conservancy point of view.
Except for the maintenance of the favourable water supply, the
anthropogenic interference should be eliminated. The Anura
communities, rich in number of species and individuals, are of a
decisive importance for birds (Ciconiiformes) trophically based
on them.
(full text)
Legány, A. (1989): Method for assessment of different territories from the nature conservation point of view. – Tiscia 24, 123-129.
Abstract. The author suggests a
method for assessment of distinct territories - protected and
nonprotected - from the nature conservation point of view. In
the course of investigations the following conclusions have been
drawn:
1. It is indispensable to have a quick method for assessment
which counts with the realities and is applicable in practice to
different territories
2. For the sake of completeness it is necessary besides the
botanical evalutatíon method which has been worked out
previously to have a zoological method for assessment as well
3. For this purpouse different animal groups can come into
consideration - e.g. snails, articulates and vertebrates. In the
present paper a method using birds has been elaborated
4. It appeares that the best approach is to sum up the products
of multiplication of the points assigned to every distinct
species according to their value category from the nature
conservation point of view by the number of individuals. The
results obtained by this procedure - i.e. taking into
consideration the abundancy, give a better approximation of the
actual values and at the same time show tendencies similar to
those obtained by other methods.
(full text)
Bodrogközy, Gy. (1989): From the life of Tisza-research working committee. Tisza research conference XIX (1988) . – Tiscia 24, 131-141.